At the time when the Iranian government was able to regain control over the Republic of Kurdistan by launching an attack on it, Mullah Mustafa Barzani and his forces were trying to save themselves by crossing through Iranian territory and returning to their areas in Iraqi Kurdistan once again, but this return was not free of problems and difficulties, as they faced many battles and dangers during it. One of these battles that took place at that time between the Barzanis and the Iranian army forces was the Battle of Gujar.
On March 11, 1947, Mullah Mustafa Barzani headed towards the northern regions with the aim of testing the return route to his homeland and meeting with the tribal leaders in that region. Therefore, he met in the village of Anbi at the house of Nuri Beg Begzada with the tribal leaders of the region. At that time, news of this meeting reached Urmia via a spy named Hwirko, where General Homayouni was present, and as a result, the Iranian army arrived in the region and on the night of March 13-14, 1947, besieged the village of Gujar. In that incident, with Mustafa Barzani were a small number of his forces, including figures such as Colonel Bakr Abdul Karim Huweizi, Muhammad Hussein Herki, one of the leaders of the Herki tribes, and Mullah Muhammad Wardi with 13 Peshmerga of Barzani. When Barzani learned of the siege, they headed towards Bardsor and defended themselves. The next day, when the shooting stopped, they entered the village of Koyi and found it empty of inhabitants. After a while, they learned of the killing of four people from the Begzada family, one of whom was Hwirko, who had conveyed the news of the presence of Mustafa Barzani and his companions in the village of Gujar to General Homayouni. From the Barzani side, two people were martyred: Hajj Muhammad Hostani and Shawali Shando Shandri, and three Peshmerga were wounded: Hasso Mirkan Khardani, Hali Muhammad Khalani, and Mustafa Rasho Liloki.
The next day, the Begzada family, along with the Iranian forces and 3 tanks and planes, attacked the Barzanis. At the same time, a force coming from Urmia was aiming to prevent the Barzanis from passing through the Bandi pass. When Barzani realized this, he established strong defensive lines in strategic positions in the areas of Beri Zar and the heights of Havers and Koyi Zar. The reason for this measure was to protect these positions, as they were the only way for the Barzanis to escape the attacks of the Iranian army, as all the Barzani families were present in those areas.
Sources:1- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume One 1931-1958, (Ministry of Education Press - Erbil - 2012).
2- Colonel Bakr Abdul Karim Huweizi, A Trip Through the Mahabad Republic, Second Edition, (Aras Printing and Publishing House - Erbil - 2001).