Biography

 Ali Omar Muhammad was born in 1921 in the village of Resha, belonging to the Barzan sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He was Anfalized in 1983.

Struggle History

On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire, and were guarded by a group of soldiers, and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them Kurdish language lessons.

After the bad treatment of Jafar Bagirov towards Barzani's companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and they continued their military training there. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and finally the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so he went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

In 1961, he joined the Peshmerga Forces of the Aylul Revolution and participated in its battles. He was Anfalized in 1983.

Sources:

1- Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal, the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Press - 2015).

2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, 1st ed., (Erbil - Aras Publishing and Distribution House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).

3- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, 3rd ed., (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).

4- Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, 2nd ed., (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).

5- Abdulrahman Malla Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, 1st ed., (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).

6- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Press - 2015).

7- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, 1st ed., (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).

8- In the diary of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Going of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, 1st ed., (Erbil - Culture Press - 1997).

9- Laith Abd al-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The Revolution of July 14, 1958 in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

10- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998). 

11- Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, 1st ed., (Pirman - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).

12- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.