Shakar Dawud Abdi, was born in 1920 in the village of Argosh, affiliated with the Shirwan Mazn sub-district of the Mergasor district in Erbil province. Before going to the Soviet Union, he had married Surm Mustafa Muhammad and they had two sons. In the Soviet Union, he married again with Ms. Badriya, and they had three children. He knew Arabic and Russian. He passed away in 1957 in the village of Qaratatar in the Soviet Union and was buried there.
Struggle RecordIn 1943, he was a policeman. During the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution, he assisted the Peshmerga in capturing police stations. That same year, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution. He was wounded in one of the battles against the Iraqi Army. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized.
On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad.
On April 19, 1947, he returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region through the Khwakurk route and the Bazargir plain to the territory of Northern Kurdistan. After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 15, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, he was placed in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them the Kurdish language.
After the mistreatment of Barzani's companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train across the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).
After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Finally, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
Sources:
1- Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, 3rd edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).
2- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, 2nd edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).
3- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe Between 1931 - 1991, 1st edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).
4- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, 1st edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).
5- From the memoirs of the Martyr Commander Hasso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, 1st edition (Erbil - Culture Printing House - 1997).
6- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).
7- Najaf Qoli Pessian, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, 1st edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).
8- Archive of the Encyclopedia Committee of Kurdistan Democratic Party.