Biography

Abdullah Mahmud Faqi was born in 1909 in the village of Haska, affiliated with the Barzan district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married, and his wife, named Nusrat Sharif Hassan, had one son and four daughters named Hamayla Abdullah (1937), Fatima Abdullah (1939), Mahmud Abdullah (1942), Sati Abdullah (1945), and Zara Abdullah (1947). On April 15, 1947, he crossed with Sheikh Ahmed Barzani at the Gadar River, which is located on the international border of the Kingdom of Iran and the Kingdom of Iraq, and they were detained in Diana for several months. In the Soviet Union, he married Wasila Rajab Ahmed, and they had one daughter and one son named Anifa Abdullah (1955) and Khurshid Abdullah (1958). He was proficient in the Kurdish and Russian languages. He passed away in October 1973 in the village of Barzan and was buried there.

Struggle Record

In 1932, he joined the ranks of the First Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. From 1935 to 1936, he was imprisoned in southern Iraq. In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military court, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

 On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he served as a Peshmerga in the Barzan Force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. He participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the defense battles of Eastern Kurdistan until April 19, 1947, on the Iran-Iraq border. General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union..‌

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate..

 After Jafar Baghirov's poor treatment of the companions, it was decided that the military camp of the Barzani companions would be moved on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training..

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzani companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vriviski, so Abdullah Mahmud went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951..

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, Abdullah Mahmud and his companions returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Grozia..

Year 1961 Participated in the Aylul Revolution And participated in the battles‌. Passed away in 1973.

Sources:

1- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004), pp. 51, 60, 62, 80, 95, 133, 155.

2- Haidar Faruq al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London – Dar al-Hikma - 2016), p. 203.

3- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013), p. 43.

4- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996), pp. 27, 43.

5- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013), pp. 607, 856.

6- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Three, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013), p. 1005.

7- Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002), p. 39.

8- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931 - 1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001), pp. 121, 126-127.

9- Abdullah Ghafur, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Press - 2015), pp. 45, 234, 604.

10- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, first edition, (Sulaymaniyah- Paywand Printing House- 2011), pp. 84, 94-96.

11- Hataw Magazine, issue 154, sixth year, Erbil, Kurdistan Printing House, Friday, April 15, 1959, pp. 2, 4.

12- From the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, first edition, (Erbil- Roshinbiri Printing House- 1997), p. 118.

13- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad- Dar al-Rashid for Publishing- 1979), p. 288.

14- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok- Khabat Printing House- 1998), pp. 139, 184, 187-188, 194-197, 200-201, 205, 464.

15- Najaf Qoli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, first edition, (Pirmam- Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party- 1996), p. 271.

16- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.