Ahmed Ali Mahmud was born in 1927 in the village of Argosh, affiliated with the Shirwan Mazn district in the Mergasor district of Erbil Governorate. On June 21, 1932, he migrated with his family to the Republic of Turkey. In 1950, in the Soviet Union, he married Khanum Zar Jamali Mawlud and had three daughters named Gulnaz Ahmed (1952), Gulbahar Ahmed (1953), and Gulbagh Ahmed (1956). In 1957, he completed the agriculture department at the Tashkent Institute in the Soviet Union. In 1959, he was appointed as an employee in the Erbil Agriculture Department. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the Kingdom of Iran as a refugee, but was forced to return to Southern Kurdistan because his wife and children were arrested by the Iraq regime, and he returned to his job as an employee for the second time. He had knowledge of the Kurdish, Turkish, and Russian languages. He passed away on May 24, 2012, in the city of Erbil and was buried in the Zulfiqar cemetery in Harir.
Struggle Record
In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military court, all his movable and immovable property was seized. On October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, he went to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he served as a Peshmerga in the Barzan force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, received military training, and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan. He was wounded in the battles defending the Republic of Kurdistan.
He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mizuri region through the Khwakurk and Bazargir plain via the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947..
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go towards the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go towards the Soviet Union. On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of the Maku Bridge, and was a squad leader in the battles. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, and crossed into the Soviet Union..
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, he was placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught lessons in learning the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate..
After Jafar Baghirov's poor treatment of his companions, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and they continued their military training there.
In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back)..
After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and finally the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vriviski. Therefore, Ahmed Ali Mahmud went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951..
In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim, and Ahmed Ali Mahmud
On April 16, 1959, along with his companions, he returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Grozia.
In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution. In 1961, he was responsible for distributing supplies and food to the battle fronts. In 1970, he returned to his previous job at the Erbil Agriculture Department. In 1993, he was retired. On December 16, 2010, at the Thirteenth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, he was awarded the Barzani the Immortal Medal by President Masoud Barzani for his struggle and resistance in the Second Barzan Revolution, the Republic of Mahabad, the journey towards the Soviet Union, and the Aylul Revolution.
Sources:1- Hamid Gawhari, The Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).
2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).
3- Haidar Farooq Al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
4- Safar Yusuf Mirkan, All the Wishes of the Immortal Barzani were the Liberation of his Nation, Khabat Newspaper, Organ of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, No. 3724, Erbil, March 14, 2011, p. 11.
5- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).
6- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Printing House - 1996).
7- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok- Duhok Governorate Press- 2013).
8- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Three, (Duhok- Duhok Governorate Press- 2013).
9- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil- Ministry of Education Press- 2002).
10- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil- Ministry of Culture Press- 2001).
11- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil- Kurdish Academy Publications- Haji Hashim Press- 2015).
12- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah- Paywand Press- 2011).
13- Hataw Magazine, Issue 154, Sixth Year, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, April 15, 1959, pp. 2, 4.
14- From the Memoirs of the Martyr Commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil- Rewshanbiri Press- 1997).
15- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad- Dar al-Rashid for Publishing- 1979).
16- Muhammad Salih Pendroyi (Jigarsuz), Cultural and Social Life of the Mizoori Bala Region, (Erbil- Rojhalat Press- 2020).
17- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok- Khabat Press- 1998).
18- Najaf Qoli Pessian, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam- Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party- 1996).
19- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Committee.