Biography

Haji Ahmed Swar, was born in 1890 in the village of Uramar in Northern Kurdistan. In 1918, he came to Southern Kurdistan and settled in Shiladze. Before going to the Soviet Union, he was married; his wife's name was Asia Mubarak Ahmed, and they had a son and a daughter named Shukri (1944) and Aisha (1946). He passed away in 1981 in the town of Shiladze and was buried there.

Struggle Record

In 1943, when the Second Barzan Revolution broke out, he joined the revolution. In the same year, he participated in the battles. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the Military Tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was confiscated.

On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his companions, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force.

After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in Eastern Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region through (Khwakurk and the Barazgir plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, he was placed in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. On the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught Kurdish language lessons by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of his companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union, where they worked on collective farms (Kolkhozes) (lands that people rented from the government and later gave a share back to the government).

After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. Stalin immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and the committee's final decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevitsk. Therefore, he went to the city of Vrevitsk in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abd al-Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, along with his companions, he returned to Southern Kurdistan via the port of Basra in Southern Iraq on the ship Gruzia. That same year, he was employed as an official in the Shiladze Road Department.

In 1961, after the outbreak of the Aylul Revolution, he participated in the revolution, held the rank of Sergeant, and took part in the battles. In 1975, after the defeat of the Aylul Revolution, he remained in Shiladze. In 1981, he passed away in Shiladze and was buried there.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
  2. Kurdistan Regional Government, Ministry of Planning, Administrative Units of the Governorates of the Kurdistan Region and the Number of Families and Population, Erbil, 2009.
  3. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  4. Haider Farouk Al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar Al-Hikma - 2016).
  5. Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
  6. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirman - Khabat Press - 1996).
  7. Saleh Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
  8. From the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirkan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani, The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Roshinbiri Press - 1997).
  9. Laith Abd al-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The Revolution of July 14, 1958 in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  10. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).
  11. Pirman, November 1, 2018.