Biography

Mala Abdullah Suleiman was born in 1930 in the village of Argosh, Shirwan Mazn district, Mergasor district, Erbil province. He was married and passed away in 1984.

Struggle Record

In 1943, after Mullah Mustafa Barzani returned from Sulaymaniyah to the Barzan region and the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945), he joined the ranks of the revolutionary army and participated in the battles to capture the police stations in the Barzan region. In 1945, after the failure of the revolution, he was displaced to Eastern Kurdistan (Iran) along with the Barzani fighters and families. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad at the beginning of 1946, he became a Peshmerga of the Republic in the Barzan force. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in December 1946, he returned to Southern Kurdistan along with the Barzani revolutionary army, led by General Mustafa Barzani, after several battles and struggles against the Imperial Iranian Army, through the Nazdardagh region at the Iran-Iraq-Turkey border triangle, and settled in the ranks of the army in the Mizuri tribe region.

   On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of "Nakhchivan" in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were transferred to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons for four hours a day by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of the Barzani companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near "Tashkent," the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

 In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzani companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so Mala Abdullah Suleiman went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

  In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, Mala Abdullah Suleiman, along with his companions, returned to Kurdistan via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq on the ship Grozia.

In 1961, he joined the Peshmerga Forces of the Aylul Revolution, became a Peshmerga, and participated in its battles.

Sources:

1- Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal, the highest honor award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).

3- Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).

4- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).

5- Abdulrahman Mala Habib Abubakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).

6- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

7- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).

8- From the memoirs of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil - Culture Printing House - 1997).

9- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

10- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).

11- Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of the Aras, translated by Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirman - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).

12- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.