Biography

Suleiman Hado Zarari was born in 1930 in the village of Zarara, affiliated with the Goretu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and in 1954 received his bachelor's degree in the field of agriculture in the Soviet Union. He married Valanya in the Soviet Union. He was proficient in the Kurdish, Arabic, and Russian languages. He passed away on December 4, 2014.

Struggle Record

Suleiman Hado Zarari joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943 and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military martial court, all his movable and immovable property was seized. After the collapse of the Second Barzan Revolution, on October 11, 1945, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzan force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. On April 29, 1946, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa in the Saqqez region.

 After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, on March 19, 1947, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and Oshnavieh. He was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mazuri region through the Khwakurk and Bazargir plains via the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or head towards the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and were trained for eight hours of military exercises daily under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons daily for four hours by some of their companions who were literate.

After the mistreatment of Barzani's companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. 

In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on collective farms (Kolkhozes) (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. He immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky. Therefore, he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (a) of the tenth article, and by working with article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty. 

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.  

 In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in the battles of Sari Pires, Goraz, and Handren Mountain. In 1963, he participated in the battles of Shush and Sharmana, and on June 14-15, 1963, he participated in the Battle of Sari Akre. In 1974, he was in the revolution's artillery unit. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution he returned to his homeland. In 1981, the Iraqi regime burned their village, and he headed to the Islamic Republic of Iran as a refugee and settled in the Ziwe complex. In 1983, he participated in the Gulan Revolution. In 1991, he returned to Kurdistan and settled in the village of Zarara. In 1993, he was retired. On December 16, 2010, at the Thirteenth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, due to his struggle and resistance in the Second Barzan Revolution, the Republic of Kurdistan, the path towards the Soviet Union, Aylul Revolution and Gulan Revolution by President Masoud Barzani he was awarded the Barzani Medal. 

References:

  1. Hamid Gawhari, The Barzani Medal: The Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

  2. Haidar Faruq al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London – Dar al-Hikma - 2016).

  3. Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).

  4. Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).

  5. Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abubakr, The Barzan Tribe Between 1931 - 1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).

  6. Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Publications of the Kurdish Academy - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

  7. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, 1st edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).

  8. Hataw Magazine, Issue 154, Sixth Year, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, 15 April 1959.

  9. From the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, 1st edition (Erbil - Culture Press - 1997).

  10. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

  11. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).

  12. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1961 - 1975, Volume Three, Part One, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).

  13. P.D.P., File No. AI-10, List of Mustafa Barzani's companions to the Soviet Union, document provided by Sagvan Halo, 2016.

  14. P.D.P., File No. AN-4, Biographical document of Sleman Hado Shino Zarari, provided by Adil Sleman Hado, Pirmam, 18 February 2019.

  15. P.D.P., File No. HB-426, Kurdistan Democratic Party, Barzani Headquarters, High Committee of the Barzan Region, Sleman Hado Shino form, Pirmam, 1 November 2018.

  16. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.