Biography

Shahsein Ali Muhammad was born in 1921 in the village of Baze, affiliated with the Barzan sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. In the Soviet Union, he married Ulfat Dursun Ali. They had two sons and three daughters named Aisha, Tahsin, and Fatima, who were born in 1951, 1952, and 1954 respectively, while Najiba was born in 1956 and Jasim in 1960. Shahsein's family is of the Tatar ethnic group from the Crimean Peninsula. Shahsein knew Kurdish, Arabic, and Russian. On July 31, 1983, during the Barzani Anfal operation, he and his two sons, Tahsin and Jasim, were forcibly disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Qushtapa complex.

Struggle History

After the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943, he joined the ranks of the revolution. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the Military Tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized.

On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his companions, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he served as a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. On May 3, 1946, he participated in the Battle of Miqaran on the Saqqez front in Eastern Kurdistan. He was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mizuri region through (Khwakurk and the Barazgir plain) on April 19, 1947, through the territory of Northern Kurdistan.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or head towards the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and head towards the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of his companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (land that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Mustafa Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani on February 25, 1959, and in accordance with both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of Article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions on the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in southern Iraq and settled in the village of Baze.

 In the year 1962, during the outbreak of the Aylul Revolution, he moved his family to the Mizuri region and later returned to the village of Baze. In the Year 1964, he participated in the Aylul Revolution as a Sergeant and participated in the battles of the Barzan, Pirs, and Haji Omaran regions.

 On November 18, 1975, after the defeat of the Aylul Revolution , he was forcibly displaced by the Iraqi government to the Fawara and Alfadir sub-districts in the Afak district of Diwaniya province in southern Iraq. In 1980, he was moved to the Qushtapa complex. On July 31, 1983, during the Barzani Anfal operation, he was forcibly disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Qushtapa complex.

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