Biography

Suleiman Mirxan Ahmed was born in 1930 in the village of Xerdni, affiliated with the Goratu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and received a bachelor's degree in political science from the city of Saratov. After his return from the Soviet Union in 1959, he was appointed as a teacher in the city of Kirkuk. In 1960, he returned to Mergasor and became the director of the Mergasor school. He also worked in the secret organizations of the Party and had knowledge of the Kurdish, Arabic, and Russian languages.

Struggle Record

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military tribunal, all his movable and immovable property was seized. After the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, on October 11, 1945, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan.

 On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. On April 29, 1946, he participated in the Battle of Qarawa in the Saqqez region, and on May 3, he participated in the Battle of Milqareni.

 After the defeat of the Republic of Kurdistan, on March 3, 1947, he participated in the Battle of Nelos, and on March 13-14, he participated in the Battle of Gujar, where he was wounded. On March 19, 1947, he participated in the Battle of Naqada and Oshnavieh, and on March 25, he participated in the Battle of Hevers and Haleji.

 He was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Muzuri region through Northern Kurdistan via the Khwakurk and Barazgir plain on April 19, 1947.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 15, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. On the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons daily for four hours by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of the Barzani companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the collective farms (the lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. He immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzani companions, and the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevitsk. Therefore, he went to the city of Vrevitsk in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani , on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying the eleventh article based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty. 

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.  

 In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and was a Head of Branch. From December 7 to 12, 1961, he participated in the Battle of Gali Zawita. On March 23, 1962, he was martyred in the Battle of Ba'adre (Duhok) and was buried in the village of Xurke.

Sources:

  1. Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

  2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).

  3. Haydar Faruq al-Samarra'i, Diya Ja'far and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar al-Hikma - 2016).

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  11. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998). 

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  13. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Committee.